Characteristics of aluminum alloy doors and windows with different opening forms
① Outward - opening side - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows
Outward - opening side - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows have a simple structure, are convenient to use, and have relatively good airtightness and watertightness, usually reaching above grade 4. They are relatively inexpensive and are suitable for low - rise public buildings and residential buildings.
However, when the aluminum alloy doors and windows are open, if they are hit by strong winds, the sashes of the aluminum alloy doors and windows may fall, so they are not suitable for high - rise buildings.
② Inward - opening side - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows
Inward - opening side - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows, like outward - opening ones, have the characteristics of simple structure, convenient use, good airtightness and watertightness, and low cost. At the same time, they are relatively safe and are suitable for various public buildings and residential buildings.
Inward - opening side - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows usually use hinges as opening connection fittings and are used in combination with stay - bars to ensure the opening angle and position. They are locked with single - point or multi - point locking devices.
③ Inward - opening bottom - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows
Inward - opening bottom - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows have a composite opening function, an exquisite appearance, diverse functions, and high comprehensive performance.
By operating the linked handle, the inward - opening (meeting the needs of people entering and exiting, cleaning the aluminum alloy doors and windows, and large ventilation volume) and bottom - hanging (meeting the need for ventilation) opening of the aluminum alloy doors and windows can be achieved respectively to meet different user requirements.
When it is bottom - hung open, it can not only achieve ventilation but also prevent a large amount of rain from entering the room and block some noise.
When it is closed, all four sides of the door and window sash are linked and locked on the door and window frame, having excellent wind - pressure - resistant performance, watertight performance, and airtight performance.
However, its cost is relatively high. In addition, like side - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows, problems caused by inward - opening also need to be considered coordinately during design.
④ Top - hung aluminum alloy windows
Top - hung aluminum alloy windows usually use friction hinges as opening connection fittings, and are equipped with two - link support hinges for opening limit. The fastening and locking devices use seven - shaped handles (suitable for small opening sashes) or multi - point locks (suitable for large opening sashes) and are widely used in curtain wall opening sashes.
⑤ Left - and - right sliding aluminum alloy doors and windows
The biggest feature of sliding aluminum alloy doors and windows is that they save space, are simple to open, and are inexpensive. They are widely used in China.
However, their watertight and airtight performances are relatively low, generally only reaching about grade 3. They are not suitable for buildings with high requirements for watertight and airtight performances.
Sliding aluminum alloy doors and windows are suitable for exterior and interior doors and windows of buildings with low requirements for watertight and airtight performances.
⑥ Up - and - down lifting aluminum alloy windows
Lifting aluminum alloy windows are the most widely used aluminum alloy window types in American architecture. Therefore, they are also called American - style lifting aluminum alloy windows in the industry.
Lifting aluminum alloy windows are divided into inward - tilting and non - inward - tilting types. The commonly used hardware for lifting aluminum alloy windows includes screw - type, coil - piece - type, and pulley - type. No matter what type of hardware is used, the aluminum alloy window sashes can stay at any position during lifting and are automatically positioned.
⑦ Lift - and - slide aluminum alloy doors and windows
The opening sash of lift - and - slide aluminum alloy doors and windows needs to be lifted up to a certain height first and then opened by horizontal sliding.
The hardware mainly consists of a lifting handle, a transmission device, and pulleys. The whole system utilizes the lever principle. By turning the lifting handle, the lifting and lowering of the door and window sash are controlled to achieve the fixing and opening of the door and window sash.
When the handle is turned 180° downward, through the transmission of the connected transmission device, the pulley falls on the track of the lower frame and drives the door and window sash to lift up. At this time, the door and window sash is in an openable state and can be freely pushed and slid.
When the handle is turned 180° upward, the pulley is separated from the track of the lower frame and the door and window sash is lowered. The door and window sash makes the rubber strip tightly press against the door and window frame under the action of gravity, and the door and window sash is in a closed state.
⑧ Sliding - and - bottom - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows
Sliding - and - bottom - hung aluminum alloy doors and windows also have a composite opening function and can achieve sliding and bottom - hung opening respectively to meet different user requirements. They have high comprehensive performance, but their fittings are complex, the cost is high, and the usage amount is relatively small.
⑨ Folding - and - sliding aluminum alloy doors
Folding - and - sliding aluminum alloy doors use hinges to connect multiple door sashes into one body, which can realize the folding and moving opening of the door sashes along the horizontal direction to meet the needs of large - scale opening and transparency.
⑩ Push - out aluminum alloy windows
Push - out aluminum alloy windows refer to aluminum alloy windows equipped with push - out hinges that can open or close the aluminum alloy window sashes parallel to the normal direction of the facade where they are located.
When the aluminum alloy window is opened, the aluminum alloy window sash is pushed out flat. The opened aluminum alloy window sash is parallel to the aluminum alloy window facade without forming an angle. Therefore, the facade is neat, which is beneficial to lighting.
Push - out aluminum alloy windows have high requirements for hardware and are costly. At present, they are mostly used for smoke exhaust windows in public buildings, and the market usage amount is small.
